Which of the following are characteristics of Kubernetes?

Kubernetes is a powerful orchestration platform that is designed to automate the deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications. One of its key features is its ability to manage the lifecycle of applications through automated rollouts and rollbacks. This means that when a new version of an application is deployed, Kubernetes can automatically update the application and, if necessary, revert to a previous stable version if issues arise during the rollout. This feature significantly enhances the reliability and efficiency of application management by minimizing downtime and reducing the risk of errors during the update process.

While the scaling of services based on utilization is indeed a characteristic of Kubernetes, it’s important to note that automated rollouts and rollbacks have a more direct relation to the orchestration and management aspects of the platform. Additionally, the other characteristics mentioned, such as enabling cost-effective applications and requiring manual health monitoring for rollouts, do not align with the automated nature that Kubernetes embodies. Kubernetes is designed to minimize manual oversight and actively manages health checks and monitoring to ensure that applications remain healthy and operational.